Translating prognostic prostate cancer gene signatures into the clinic

Traditional prognostic factors PSA, Gleason score and TNM staging allow patients with prostate cancer to be classified into low, intermediate and high risk groups (1). These prognostic groups are used not only to predict clinical outcome, but also to discuss appropriate treatment options with patients. Recently the Gleason score was further refined into the Gleason Group Grade to reflect the differences in clinical outcome between Gl 3+4 and Gl 4+3 (2).