S100A4, a key factor in glioblastoma biology

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the highest grade of glioma and the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. The present World Health Organization classification distinguishes IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant GBMs, which correspond closely to so-called primary (de novo) and secondary GBMs, respectively (1). While being considered as a single histological entity, primary GBM is heterogeneous with considerable variability in terms of biological behavior, response to treatment and clinical outcome.