Role of polygenic hazard score in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) affects 161,360 people in the USA in 2017 and is responsible for nearly 26,730 deaths, accounting for 19% of all new cases and 8% of all cancer deaths in men (1). Previous studies suggested that prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-screening could reduce PCa mortality by 27% (2). However, screening could also bring over-diagnosis, subsequent over-treatment and a higher disease burden.