BRAF inhibitors in advanced BRAF-positive non-small cell lung cancer

The importance of biological target-based studies is currently highlighted by impressive objective response rates (ORRs) and longer progression-free survivals (PFSs) provided by epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) compared with cytotoxic chemotherapies in the treatment of EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and, more recently, by anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors (ALK-Is) in ALK-rearranged NSCLC ones (1-4). As a consequence, recent therapeutic research strategies in NSCLC, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma, focused on innovative potential molecular targets such as KRAS, BRAF, HER2, PIK3CA, and others in frequencies exceeding 1% (5).